Imyaka 29 irashize u Rwanda rwigobotoye amateka mabi rwanyuzemo yarugejeje kuri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Aya mateka yashyigikiwe kandi ashyirwa mu bikorwa na politiki mbi n’ubuyobozi bubi bwaranzwe n’irondabwoko n’amacakubiri.
Turebye mu mateka dusanga ko kuva mu 1959 kugeza mu 1994, politiki mbi n’ubuyobozi bubi byashyize mu bikorwa kwerekana ko Umututsi ari igisimba ndetse n’igicibwa mu gihugu cyamubyaye bityo adakwiye kubaho ahubwo akwiye kwicwa, ari nabwo mu 1994 ubwicanyi bwo kubarimbura bwashyizwe mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro abarenga miliyoni baricwa.
Ni byinshi byagejeje u Rwanda aharindimuka ariko by’umwihariko muri ibyo twagaruka ku buryo muri repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri amashyaka yagiye ashingwa ashingiye ku bwoko aho gushingira ku kubaka ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda bose. Hanashyizweho kandi politiki zitandukanye zigamije kwibasira abo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi.
Aha twavugaga igihe hashingwaga ishyaka MDR Parmehutu, uwari Perezida Kayibanda Grégoire yavuze ko rije gushyira imbere inyungu z’Abahutu mu Rwanda. Ibi byose byerekana ko umugambi wo gutsemba abatutsi wateguwe n’ubuyobozi bubi bwagiye buranga u Rwanda nabwo bugakwiza ibitekerezo bibi mu Banyarwanda.
Ibi kandi byiyongeraho politiki mbi zinyuranye zagiye zishyirwaho ziheza Abatutsi harimo kubambura uburenganzira ku mitungo y’abari barahunze, ndetse no kubashyiriraho amananiza muri gahunda nyinshi zigenewe abenegihugu.
Ibyo byagiye bitiza umurindi ukudasenyera umugozi umwe kw’Abanyapolitiki ahubwo bakomeza kubiba urwango mu gihe kirenga imyaka 20 ari rwo rwagejeje mu 1994 ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yabaga.
Abatutsi bahejwe ku burenganzira bwa politiki n’ubwo kubaho. By’umwihariko, ntibari bafite uburenganzira bwo kwiga, uburenganzira bwo kubona akazi, uburenganzira bwo kwitabira no kuboneka mu birori rusange, ndetse n’ubundi burenganzira butandukanye.
Ubutegetsi bwa MRND bwashyizeho gahunda y’iringaniza rishingiye ku bwoko no ku turere, bwihatiye kandi gutangiza ibyo kugena umubare ntarengwa kuri buri bwoko ndetse n’uturere, ukaba waragombaga kujyana n’ingano y’abaturage cyane mu birebana no kubona ishuli ndetse no guhabwa akazi.
Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bwashishikarije kandi bugira inama abaturage gutsemba Abatutsi. Ingengabitekerezo ikomeye irwanya Abatutsi niyo yihariraga igice kinini cy’imbwirwaruhame z’abayobozi, ibiganiro kuri za radiyo, indirimbo rusange kandi zikunzwe, mu mashuli n’ahandi. Iyo ingengabitekerezo yari igamije gusobanura ko Abatutsi bari abanyamahanga bari barigaruriye Abahutu.
Babinyujije kandi muri iyi miyoborere, abategetsi bashishikarije abaturage gahunda yo kurimbura abatutsi. Mu nama zakorwaga bur imunsi muri ibyo bihe, abategetsi kuva ku nzego zo hasi kuzamuka kugera kubo hejuru, bashishikarizaga abaturage ubwicanyi, bakabaremamo imitwe yitwaje intwaro yatozwaga hagamijwe kurimbura Abatutsi ndetse n’Abahutu batemeraga ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside.
Kwicwa kw’abatutsi kwashimangiwe ahanini nicyo bari barise “amategeko 10 y’Abahutu”, aya kandi yanifashishijwe na Leta ya Habyarimana aho byacaga kuri Radiyo rutwitsi ya RTLM ngo abahutu bashishikarizwe kwanga Abatutsi. Ibyo intagondwa z’abahutu zitaga “Pawa” mu rurimi rw’ikinyarwanda bisobanura “ububasha” (abanyabubasha).
Kubera iryo totezwa ryakorerwaga Abatutsi n’abandi banyarwanda bari badashyigikiye ikibi, hakiyongeraho ukwangira burundu impunzi gutaha mu Rwanda mu mahoro, byaranze ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana, RPF/A yateguye inatangiza urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda iza no kurutsinda.
Ayo mateka mabi yose yaranze u Rwanda na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka w’ 1994 byashenye cyane Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, haba mu bijyanye n’ubukungu, imibereho myiza, ndetse na politiki, ku buryo byasize umuryango nyarwanda warahungabanye cyane, ibyo byasabye ko RPF/A yarimaze gufata igihugu ikora ibishoboka byose ngo igihugu gisubire ku murongo.
Hashyizweho guverinoma y’ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda yaje irwanya iyo politiki mbi no gushakira hamwe iterambere ry’umunyarwanda ntawusigajwe inyuma kubera ubwoko. Yashyizeho kandi politiki zitandukanye zo kongera guhuza no kunga abanyarwanda bakabana mu bumwe n’ubwiyunge aho bari bamaze imyaka myinshi barebana ayingwe. Ibyo byose byarakunze kuko u Rwanda ubu ni igihugu cya buri wese.
Ubu u Rwanda ni igihugu gifatwa nk’icyitegererezo ku Isi yose bitewe n’ibibazo rwabashije kwigobotora mu myaka 29 ishize, nibaza ko byagakwiriye kubera buri wese isomo ukireba.
Rwatubyaye Yvette
Ibikubiye muri iyi nyandiko ni ibitekerezo bwite by’umwanditsi. Rwatubyaye Yvette ni umubyeyi w’abana babiri ubarizwa i Kigali, akaba ashishikajwe no kugaragariza amahanga uburyo u Rwanda rukomeje kwiyubaka nyuma yo gushegeshwa na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.